rss-news/utils/image_extractor.py

326 lines
No EOL
11 KiB
Python

# utils/image_extractor.py
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from urllib.parse import urljoin, urlparse
import logging
import time
from typing import List, Dict
# Konfiguration
MAX_IMAGES = 5
MIN_IMAGE_SIZE = 100 # Mindestgröße in Pixeln
ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS = {'.jpg', '.jpeg', '.png', '.webp', '.gif'}
REQUEST_TIMEOUT = 10
USER_AGENT = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.124 Safari/537.36'
def is_valid_image_url(url: str) -> bool:
"""
Prüft ob eine URL auf ein gültiges Bild zeigt
"""
try:
parsed = urlparse(url)
path = parsed.path.lower()
# Prüfe Dateiendung
if not any(path.endswith(ext) for ext in ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS):
return False
# Prüfe ob URL vollständig ist
if not parsed.scheme or not parsed.netloc:
return False
# Blacklist für unerwünschte Bilder
blacklist_patterns = [
'avatar', 'profile', 'icon', 'logo', 'banner',
'advertisement', 'ads', 'tracking', 'pixel', 'social'
]
return not any(pattern in url.lower() for pattern in blacklist_patterns)
except Exception:
return False
def get_image_dimensions(img_tag) -> tuple:
"""
Versucht die Bildabmessungen aus HTML-Attributen zu ermitteln
"""
try:
width = img_tag.get('width')
height = img_tag.get('height')
if width and height:
return int(width), int(height)
# Aus Style-Attribut extrahieren
style = img_tag.get('style', '')
if 'width:' in style or 'height:' in style:
# Vereinfachte Extraktion - könnte erweitert werden
pass
return None, None
except:
return None, None
def extract_image_metadata(img_tag, base_url: str) -> Dict:
"""
Extrahiert alle verfügbaren Metadaten eines Bildes
"""
try:
# Basis-URL
src = img_tag.get('src') or img_tag.get('data-src') or img_tag.get('data-lazy-src')
if not src:
return None
img_url = urljoin(base_url, src)
if not is_valid_image_url(img_url):
return None
# Alt-Text
alt_text = img_tag.get('alt', '').strip()
# Titel
title = img_tag.get('title', '').strip()
# Bildabmessungen
width, height = get_image_dimensions(img_tag)
# Überspringe sehr kleine Bilder
if width and height and (width < MIN_IMAGE_SIZE or height < MIN_IMAGE_SIZE):
return None
# Caption und Copyright aus Parent-Elementen suchen
caption = ""
copyright_text = "Unbekannt"
copyright_url = base_url
# Suche in Parent-Elementen nach Caption
parent = img_tag.find_parent(['figure', 'div', 'span', 'p'])
if parent:
# Figcaption
figcaption = parent.find('figcaption')
if figcaption:
caption = figcaption.get_text(strip=True)
# Copyright-Link in Figcaption suchen
copyright_link = figcaption.find('a')
if copyright_link:
copyright_url = urljoin(base_url, copyright_link.get('href', ''))
copyright_text = copyright_link.get_text(strip=True)
# Alternative: Caption in kleinen Texten unter dem Bild
caption_candidates = parent.find_all(['small', 'em', 'i'], limit=3)
for candidate in caption_candidates:
text = candidate.get_text(strip=True)
if len(text) > 10 and len(text) < 200: # Plausible Caption-Länge
if not caption: # Nur wenn noch keine Caption gefunden
caption = text
# Fallback für Caption
if not caption:
caption = title or alt_text or "Bild aus Originalartikel"
return {
"url": img_url,
"alt": alt_text,
"caption": caption[:300] if caption else "Kein Bildtitel vorhanden",
"copyright": copyright_text or "Unbekannt",
"copyright_url": copyright_url or base_url,
"width": width,
"height": height,
"title": title
}
except Exception as e:
logging.error(f"Fehler bei Metadaten-Extraktion: {e}")
return None
def extract_images_with_metadata(article_url: str) -> List[Dict]:
"""
Hauptfunktion: Extrahiert Bilder mit Metadaten aus einem Artikel
"""
images = []
if not article_url:
return images
try:
logging.info(f"🖼️ Starte Bildextraktion von: {article_url}")
# HTTP-Request mit verbessertem Header
headers = {
'User-Agent': USER_AGENT,
'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8',
'Accept-Language': 'de,en-US;q=0.7,en;q=0.3',
'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate',
'Connection': 'keep-alive',
}
response = requests.get(article_url, timeout=REQUEST_TIMEOUT, headers=headers)
response.raise_for_status()
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.content, "html.parser")
# Alle img-Tags finden
img_tags = soup.find_all("img")
logging.info(f"🔍 {len(img_tags)} img-Tags gefunden")
processed_urls = set() # Duplikate vermeiden
for img_tag in img_tags:
try:
# Metadaten extrahieren
image_data = extract_image_metadata(img_tag, article_url)
if image_data and image_data["url"] not in processed_urls:
images.append(image_data)
processed_urls.add(image_data["url"])
logging.info(f"✅ Bild hinzugefügt: {image_data['caption'][:50]}...")
# Maximum erreicht?
if len(images) >= MAX_IMAGES:
break
except Exception as e:
logging.error(f"❌ Fehler beim Verarbeiten eines Bildes: {e}")
continue
# Bilder nach Größe sortieren (größere zuerst)
images.sort(key=lambda x: (x.get('width', 0) * x.get('height', 0)), reverse=True)
logging.info(f"🎉 {len(images)} Bilder erfolgreich extrahiert von {article_url}")
return images[:MAX_IMAGES] # Sicherheitshalber nochmal begrenzen
except requests.RequestException as e:
logging.error(f"🌐 Netzwerkfehler bei {article_url}: {e}")
return []
except Exception as e:
logging.error(f"❌ Unerwarteter Fehler bei Bildextraktion von {article_url}: {e}")
return []
def validate_image_url(url: str) -> bool:
"""
Prüft ob ein Bild tatsächlich erreichbar ist
"""
try:
response = requests.head(url, timeout=5)
content_type = response.headers.get('content-type', '').lower()
return response.status_code == 200 and 'image' in content_type
except:
return False
def extract_featured_image(article_url: str) -> Dict:
"""
Versucht das Hauptbild/Featured Image eines Artikels zu finden
"""
try:
headers = {'User-Agent': USER_AGENT}
response = requests.get(article_url, timeout=REQUEST_TIMEOUT, headers=headers)
response.raise_for_status()
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.content, "html.parser")
# OpenGraph Image
og_image = soup.find('meta', property='og:image')
if og_image and og_image.get('content'):
img_url = urljoin(article_url, og_image['content'])
if is_valid_image_url(img_url):
return {
"url": img_url,
"alt": "Featured Image",
"caption": "Hauptbild des Artikels",
"copyright": "Unbekannt",
"copyright_url": article_url,
"type": "featured"
}
# Twitter Card Image
twitter_image = soup.find('meta', attrs={'name': 'twitter:image'})
if twitter_image and twitter_image.get('content'):
img_url = urljoin(article_url, twitter_image['content'])
if is_valid_image_url(img_url):
return {
"url": img_url,
"alt": "Featured Image",
"caption": "Hauptbild des Artikels",
"copyright": "Unbekannt",
"copyright_url": article_url,
"type": "featured"
}
return None
except Exception as e:
logging.error(f"Fehler bei Featured Image Extraktion: {e}")
return None
def clean_image_metadata(images: List[Dict]) -> List[Dict]:
"""
Bereinigt und normalisiert Bildmetadaten
"""
cleaned_images = []
for img in images:
try:
# URL validieren
if not img.get("url") or not is_valid_image_url(img["url"]):
continue
# Metadaten bereinigen
cleaned_img = {
"url": img["url"].strip(),
"alt": (img.get("alt") or "").strip()[:200],
"caption": (img.get("caption") or "Kein Bildtitel vorhanden").strip()[:300],
"copyright": (img.get("copyright") or "Unbekannt").strip()[:100],
"copyright_url": (img.get("copyright_url") or "#").strip(),
"width": img.get("width"),
"height": img.get("height"),
"title": (img.get("title") or "").strip()[:200]
}
# Leere Felder mit Standardwerten füllen
if not cleaned_img["caption"]:
cleaned_img["caption"] = "Kein Bildtitel vorhanden"
if not cleaned_img["copyright"]:
cleaned_img["copyright"] = "Unbekannt"
if not cleaned_img["copyright_url"] or cleaned_img["copyright_url"] == "#":
cleaned_img["copyright_url"] = img["url"] # Bild-URL als Fallback
cleaned_images.append(cleaned_img)
except Exception as e:
logging.error(f"Fehler beim Bereinigen der Bildmetadaten: {e}")
continue
return cleaned_images
# Hauptfunktion für bessere Kompatibilität mit dem bestehenden Code
def extract_images_with_metadata_enhanced(article_url: str) -> List[Dict]:
"""
Erweiterte Bildextraktion mit Fallback-Strategien
"""
all_images = []
# 1. Featured Image versuchen
featured = extract_featured_image(article_url)
if featured:
all_images.append(featured)
# 2. Normale Bildextraktion
content_images = extract_images_with_metadata(article_url)
all_images.extend(content_images)
# 3. Duplikate entfernen
seen_urls = set()
unique_images = []
for img in all_images:
if img["url"] not in seen_urls:
unique_images.append(img)
seen_urls.add(img["url"])
# 4. Metadaten bereinigen
cleaned_images = clean_image_metadata(unique_images)
return cleaned_images[:MAX_IMAGES]